std::adjacent_difference

 

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算法库

功能 Original: Functions The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
修改序列操作 Original: Non-modifying sequence operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
all_of any_of none_of （C++11） （C++11） （C++11） for_each count count_if mismatch equal	find find_if find_if_not （C++11） find_end find_first_of adjacent_find search search_n
修改序列操作 Original: Modifying sequence operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
copy copy_if （C++11） copy_n （C++11） copy_backward move （C++11） move_backward （C++11） fill fill_n transform generate generate_n remove remove_if remove_copy remove_copy_if	replace replace_if replace_copy replace_copy_if swap swap_ranges iter_swap reverse reverse_copy rotate rotate_copy random_shuffle shuffle   （C++11） unique unique_copy
分区操作 Original: Partitioning operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
is_partitioned （C++11） partition partition_copy （C++11）	stable_partition partition_point （C++11）
排序操作（排序的区间） Original: Sorting operations (on sorted ranges) The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
is_sorted （C++11） is_sorted_until （C++11） sort	partial_sort partial_sort_copy stable_sort nth_element
二进制搜索操作（排序的区间） Original: Binary search operations (on sorted ranges) The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
lower_bound upper_bound	binary_search equal_range
设置操作（排序的区间） Original: Set operations (on sorted ranges) The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
merge inplace_merge includes	set_difference set_intersection set_symmetric_difference set_union
堆的操作 Original: Heap operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
is_heap is_heap_until （C++11） make_heap	push_heap pop_heap sort_heap
最小/最大操作 Original: Minimum/maximum operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
max max_element min min_element minmax （C++11） minmax_element （C++11）	lexicographical_compare is_permutation （C++11） next_permutation prev_permutation
数字操作 Original: Numeric operations The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
iota （C++11） accumulate inner_product	adjacent_difference partial_sum
C库 Original: C library The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
qsort	bsearch

 

Defined in header <numeric>
template< class InputIt, class OutputIt > OutputIt adjacent_difference( InputIt first, InputIt last,                                     OutputIt d_first );	(1)
template< class InputIt, class OutputIt, class BinaryOperation > OutputIt adjacent_difference( InputIt first, InputIt last,                                     OutputIt d_first,                                     BinaryOperation op );	(2)

计算所述第二和第一元素的范围内[first, last)的每个相邻对之间的差异，并且将它们写入到的范围内开始，d_first + 1。未修改的副本，first被写入d_first。第一个版本使用operator-来计算的差异，第二个版本使用给定的二进制功能的op.

Original:

Computes the differences between the second and the first of each adjacent pair of elements of the range [first, last) and writes them to the range beginning at d_first + 1. Unmodified copy of first is written to d_first. The first version uses operator- to calculate the differences, the second version uses the given binary function op.

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相同的操作

Original:

Equivalent operation:

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*(d_first)   = *first;
*(d_first+1) = (*first+1) - *(first);
*(d_first+2) = (*first+2) - *(first+1);
*(d_first+3) = (*first+3) - *(first+2);
...

参数

first, last	-	的范围内的元素 Original: the range of elements The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
d_first	-	的目标范围的开头 Original: the beginning of the destination range The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions.
op	-	binary operation function object that will be applied. The signature of the function should be equivalent to the following: Ret fun(const Type1 &a, const Type2 &b); The signature does not need to have const &. The types  Type1 and  Type2 must be such that an object of type iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type can be implicitly converted to both of them. The type  Ret must be such that an object of type OutputIt can be dereferenced and assigned a value of type  Ret. ​
Type requirements
- InputIt must meet the requirements of InputIterator.
- OutputIt must meet the requirements of OutputIterator.

返回值

它过去的最后一个元素的元素写的

Original:

It to the element past the last element written.

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复杂性

究竟(last - first) - 1应用程序的二进制运算

Original:

Exactly (last - first) - 1 applications of the binary operation

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可能的实现

First version
template<class InputIt, class OutputIt> OutputIt adjacent_difference(InputIt first, InputIt last, OutputIt d_first) { if (first == last) return d_first;   typedef typename std::iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type value_t; value_t acc = *first; *d_first = acc; while (++first != last) { value_t val = *first; *++d_first = val - acc; acc = std::move(val); } return ++d_first; }
Second version
template<class InputIt, class T, class BinaryOperation> OutputIt adjacent_difference(InputIt first, InputIt last, OutputIt d_first, BinaryOperation op) { if (first == last) return d_first;   typedef typename std::iterator_traits<InputIt>::value_type value_t; value_t acc = *first; *d_first = acc; while (++first != last) { value_t val = *first; *++d_first = op(val, acc); acc = std::move(val); } return ++d_first; }

为例

下面的代码转换为偶数序列的重复数2与斐波那契数列的序列的序列转换.

Original:

The following code converts a sequence of even numbers to repetitions of the number 2 and converts a sequence of ones to a sequence of Fibonacci numbers.

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​#include <numeric>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <functional>
int main()
{
    std::vector<int> v{2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20};
    std::adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end(), v.begin());
 
    for(auto n: v) {
        std::cout << n << ' ';
    }
    std::cout << '\n';
 
    v = {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1};
    std::adjacent_difference(v.begin(), v.end()-1, v.begin()+1, std::plus<int>()
 
    for(auto n: v) {
        std::cout << n << ' ';
    }
    std::cout << '\n';
}​

Output:

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 2 3 5 8 13 21 34 55

另请参阅

partial_sum	计算的部分和一定范围的元素 Original: computes the partial sum of a range of elements The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. （函数模板）
accumulate	总结了一系列的元素 Original: sums up a range of elements The text has been machine-translated via Google Translate. You can help to correct and verify the translation. Click here for instructions. （函数模板）